A lawful permanent resident may be granted U.S. citizenship through the process of naturalization. To qualify, the applicant must meet the minimum residency and physical presence requirements (certain exceptions apply), demonstrate good moral character, and pass the English proficiency and civic tests (certain exemptions apply).

Individuals born to U.S. citizen parents may also acquire U.S. citizenship through their parents at birth or after birth but before the age of 18, provided they meet certain requirements. They may apply for a certificate of citizenship with USCIS if they need or desire to have documentation of their citizenship other than a U.S. passport.